Germany has established itself as a global benchmark in the energy transition, achieving more than 60% renewable electricity generation by 2024. This milestone, driven by record growth in solar and wind installations, underscores the country’s commitment to decarbonisation and its vision for a cleaner, more sustainable energy future.
Dr Simone Peter, President of the Renewable Energy Agency (BEE), highlighted during the Energie Dialog 2025 forum: “With over 17 GW of new solar capacity installed in just one year and a total of 100 GW accumulated, we have achieved historic milestones that position renewables as the backbone of our energy system.” She also emphasised that the installation of rooftop solar systems represents a model for energy democratisation.
Flexibility and Digitalisation: The New Pillars of Transition
Modernising energy infrastructure to manage the growing share of fluctuating renewable sources is a key challenge. Philipp Nimmermann, Secretary of State, stressed: “Integrating renewables requires a redesign of the electricity market, prioritising flexibility and digitalisation to ensure reliable and cost-effective supply.” He also highlighted the importance of optimising grid and storage management through advanced technologies such as battery systems and dynamic controls.
In 2024, battery storage capacity reached 12 GW, with storage costs significantly reduced. This progress paves the way for innovative solutions, such as using electric vehicles for bidirectional storage.
Energy Independence and Emission Reduction
One of Germany’s most significant achievements is the reduction in energy import dependence, dropping from 70% in 2020 to 66% in 2024, according to Nimmermann. This progress not only strengthens the country’s energy security but also mitigates risks associated with the volatility of global fossil fuel markets.
The decarbonisation of Germany’s energy system was evident in the complete phase-out of nuclear power in 2024 and the closure of 6 GW of coal-fired power plants. Dr Peter described these actions as pivotal to meeting the country’s climate goals: “We are building an energy model that combines sustainability, affordability, and resilience.”
Regional Participation: The Case of North Rhine-Westphalia
Mona Neubauer, Deputy Governor of North Rhine-Westphalia, highlighted the crucial role of regions in the energy transition. In 2024, the state led wind project approvals, with an additional 2.5 GW of installed capacity. Neubauer noted that digitalising administrative processes, such as environmental assessments, has been key to accelerating projects. “Our commitment is not just to meet goals but to lead with innovative solutions that inspire other regions,” she affirmed.
Investments and Competitiveness: Challenges Ahead
Klaus Müller, President of the Federal Network Agency, emphasised the need to strengthen investments in climate technologies. In 2024, Germany attracted over €2 billion in renewable projects. However, Müller warned of the importance of implementing efficient regulatory mechanisms to prevent market imbalances: “Energy sustainability must go hand in hand with economic competitiveness to ensure long-term viability.”
A Lesson for Europe and the World
Germany’s leadership in the energy transition represents not only domestic progress but also a model for Europe and the world. Collaboration between public and private actors, the implementation of innovative policies, and investments in modern infrastructure are pillars that other countries can replicate to accelerate their transitions.
Dr Peter concluded with an inspiring vision: “The path to decarbonisation is a monumental task, but the milestones achieved prove it is possible. We are ready to share our experiences and build a sustainable future together.”
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