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enero 6, 2025

Renewables accounted for 62.7% of Germany’s energy mix in 2024.

In 2024, Germany set a record for renewable energy, which accounted for 62.7% of its net public electricity generation. This achievement was accompanied by a historic reduction in CO2 emissions and significant progress in solar energy and storage technologies.
By Lucia Colaluce

By Lucia Colaluce

enero 6, 2025
germany

In 2024, Germany solidified its global leadership in energy transition, reaching a record 62.7% share of renewable energy in its net public electricity generation. According to the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE), this milestone represents a new era for the German energy sector, driven by the expansion of clean technologies and a significant drop in carbon emissions.

Solar energy emerged as a key contributor, generating 72.2 terawatt-hours (TWh), an 18% increase compared to 2023. Of this total, 59.8 TWh were fed into the public grid, while 12.4 TWh were allocated to self-consumption. «The expansion of photovoltaic systems has once again surpassed government targets, reaching 15.9 gigawatts installed in 2024,» the Fraunhofer report highlights.

Meanwhile, wind power remained the largest source of electricity, producing 136.4 TWh, albeit with a slight decline from the previous year. «Onshore wind expansion remains behind schedule, with only 2.4 GW added against a target of 7 GW,» the report notes. Offshore wind showed better progress, with 0.7 GW of new capacity installed.

2024: No nuclear energy and record-low emissions

The year 2024 also marked the first full year without nuclear power in Germany since 1962. Following the closure of its last plants in 2023, their contribution was successfully replaced by renewable sources. This shift, combined with a sharp decline in coal-fired power generation, resulted in CO2 emissions from the electricity sector falling to 152 million tonnes—58% lower than in 1990.

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Lignite and hard coal plants collectively generated 95.3 TWh, their lowest level since 1957. This decline aligns with Germany’s goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2045.

Electricity imports and storage challenges

In 2024, net electricity imports rose to 24.9 TWh, with France and Denmark being the primary suppliers. This increase was driven by lower prices in neighbouring markets during the summer. Simultaneously, Germany continued exporting electricity, mainly to Austria and Poland, leveraging its flexible generation capacity.

Energy storage is another rapidly evolving field. Battery capacity increased to 12.1 GW, with storage capacity reaching 17.7 GWh. However, the lack of incentives for small systems and the absence of a comprehensive flexibility strategy limit their potential. According to Simone Peter, President of the BEE, «We need a strategy that encourages flexible performance, removes barriers to storage, and integrates sector coupling.»

Outlook for 2025 and beyond

Simone Peter, President of the BEE.

While 2024 achieved significant milestones, the next government faces critical tasks to consolidate these gains. According to Peter, «it is essential to unlock flexibility in the electricity market, promote electrification in transport and industry, and advance energy market reforms.» She also emphasises the need to improve charging infrastructure, implement smart meters, and introduce dynamic tariffs to boost the adoption of renewable technologies.

In terms of decarbonisation, Peter highlights that biogas plants, green cogeneration, and large-scale batteries could add up to 38 GW of additional renewable capacity by 2030. «Future energy security must focus on renewables, avoiding reliance on natural gas or fossil hydrogen,» Peter asserts.

In the transport sector, stronger incentives for electromobility, the development of e-fuel technology, and expanded charging infrastructure are seen as vital to closing the emissions gap. «Reducing transport emissions requires robust action and a well-developed charging network,» Peter stresses.

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